Mercurial > hg > aboriginal
annotate www/news.html @ 879:4f7d2bfbc5fc
Release notes for 0.9.8.
author | Rob Landley <rob@landley.net> |
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date | Sun, 08 Nov 2009 04:34:06 -0600 |
parents | f65196307da0 |
children | 0da87d1ef528 |
rev | line source |
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3eeb77934265
Add project summary page to website, moving news to its own page.
Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
parents:
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1 <b><h1>News</h1></b> |
3eeb77934265
Add project summary page to website, moving news to its own page.
Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
parents:
diff
changeset
|
2 |
879 | 3 <h2>November 7, 2009</h2> |
4 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.9.8.tar.bz2>Version 0.9.8</a> is out, | |
5 based on hg commit 876. (If you want to see all the changes in this release, | |
6 look at <a href=http://impactlinux.com/hg/firmware/shortlog/876>commits 810 through 876</a>.)</p> | |
7 | |
8 <p.The current plan is to cut one more release at the end of the month, and | |
9 then have the 1.0 release around new year's. This could be considered a | |
10 1.0-pre1, if you like.</p> | |
11 | |
12 <p>This release upgrades linux to 2.6.31.4 and busybox to 1.15.2. | |
13 (The uClibc version is still 0.9.30.1, they haven't had a new release | |
14 yet.)</p> | |
15 | |
16 <p>The old #firmware irc channel on freenode.net has been merged into #edev, | |
17 so go there now to ask questions about this project. (A _lot_ of | |
18 knowledgeable, helpful people hang there who can answer your embedded | |
19 development questions.)</p> | |
20 | |
21 <h3><b>Bug tracker and roadmap</b></h3> | |
22 | |
23 <blockquote> | |
24 <p>The <a href=http://redmine.impactlinux.com/projects/impact>new bug | |
25 tracker</a> has a <a href=http://redmine.impactlinux.com/projects/impact/roadmap>roadmap</a> | |
26 showing what we plan to implement for the next release or two.</p> | |
27 | |
28 <p>It's also a place to file bugs, athough sending them to the <a href=http://lists.impactlinux.com/listinfo.cgi/firmware-impactlinux.com>mailing list</a> | |
29 is still the fastest way to get a fix.</p> | |
30 </blockquote> | |
31 | |
32 <h3><b>New screenshots page</b></h3> | |
33 | |
34 <blockquote> | |
35 <p><a href=screenshots>This page</a> lists every target, with | |
36 a "screenshot" of the target's boot messages under qemu, and associated | |
37 links to all the various prebuilt binaries for that target.</p> | |
38 </blockquote> | |
39 | |
40 <h3><b>Fun with static linking</b></h3> | |
41 | |
42 <blockquote> | |
43 <p>The cross-compiler-$ARCH tarballs are all compiled for i686 and | |
44 statically linked against uClibc for maximum portability.</p> | |
45 | |
46 <p>The busybox binary in the root filesystem images is now built statically by | |
47 default, providing a 20% speed improvement in ./configure times under qemu | |
48 (due to the reduced page translation overhead). You can switch this back | |
49 to dynamic with "BUILD_STATIC=none".</p> | |
50 | |
51 <p>Static dropbear and strace binaries for each target are also available, | |
52 built by the new sources/more/native-static-build.sh script.</p> | |
53 </blockquote> | |
54 | |
55 <h3><b>System Image interface changes</b></h3> | |
56 | |
57 <blockquote> | |
58 <p>The run-from-build.sh script used to set up a development environment | |
59 out of the build directory, but didn't provide an easy way to do so based | |
60 on downloaded tarballs. (You had to work out and provide extensive | |
61 command line arguments to the run-emulator.sh script.) This has been | |
62 fixed.</p> | |
63 | |
64 <p>The run-emulator.sh script in each system interface tarball is now much | |
65 simpler. It now looks for distccd and $ARCH-cc in its $PATH, and sets up | |
66 distcc acceleration automatically if it finds them. (It announces whether | |
67 or not it has managed to do so, and init.sh announces whether or not it | |
68 thinks it has distcc acceleration enabled just before launching a command | |
69 prompt.) So setting up the distcc accelerator should be less of a pain.</p> | |
70 | |
71 <p>Also, run-emulator.sh no longer takes any command line arguments. Instead | |
72 the environment variable $HDB indicates a /dev/hdb disk image to mount on | |
73 /home, $HDBMEGS specifies the size of a (sparse ext2) HDB image to create if | |
74 it doesn't already exist, and QEMU_MEMORY indicates how many megabytes of | |
75 physical memory the emulator should allocate for the virtual system.</p> | |
76 | |
77 <p>Each system-image also provides a simple wrapper dev-environment.sh | |
78 which calls run-emulator.sh with HDBMEGS=2048, HDB=hdb.img, and | |
79 QEMU_MEMORY=256. (These are the values run-from-build.sh used to provide, | |
80 and give a reasonable build environment with 256 megs of physical memory | |
81 and 2 gigabytes of writeable /home space.) The run-from-build.sh script | |
82 itself now merely adds the specified build/cross-compiler-$ARCH directory | |
83 to the $PATH, changes directory to the appropriate build/system-image-$ARCH, | |
84 and calls ./dev-environment.sh. It's 3 lines.</p> | |
85 | |
86 <p>The system images can now also automatically mount a third disk image | |
87 ($HDC, specifying an /dev/hdc image to mount onto the /mnt directory), and if | |
88 that filesystem contains an executable "init" program in its root directory | |
89 the sbin/init.sh script will run that instead of launching a command prompt.</p> | |
90 | |
91 <p>The new native-static-build.sh uses this HDC capability to automatically | |
92 run some native package builds without having to drive the build through | |
93 /dev/console via a wrapper script (the way smoketest.sh does). See | |
94 sources/more/setup-native-static-build.sh for the script which generates | |
95 the hdc.sqf image for this.</p> | |
96 | |
97 <p>Note that some targets (such as sh4 and powerpc) don't yet support /dev/hdc | |
98 due to QEMU board emulation limitations.</p> | |
99 </blockquote> | |
100 | |
101 <h3><b>Build interface changes</b></h3> | |
102 | |
103 <blockquote> | |
104 <p>The new "sources/more" directory contains scripts the end user can | |
105 call, but which aren't important enough to clutter up the top level | |
106 directory with. The buildall.sh and smoketest-all.sh scripts moved there, | |
107 as did the cronjob.sh used to build the nightly snapshots.</p> | |
108 | |
109 <p>The new sources/more/native-static-build.sh natively compiles dropbear and | |
110 strace under the emulator, and copies them out to the host through the virtual | |
111 network (into the build/cron-temp directory) using busybox ftpd on the host. | |
112 This provides an example of how to use the new HDC /mnt/init functionality | |
113 to perform automatic builds under the emulator, and copy the results out | |
114 through the network. It uses the new sources/timeout.sh wrapper to detect | |
115 hung builds (defined as builds that haven't produced a line of output within | |
116 a given number of seconds).</p> | |
117 | |
118 <p>The new BINARY_PACKAGE_TARBALLS variable (in the file "config") tells | |
119 the build to create a separate tarball of the binaries produced building | |
120 each package. (These more granular tarballs aren't shipped yet, but may | |
121 be in a future release.)</p> | |
122 | |
123 <p>The new SKIP_STRIP variable tells the build not to strip binaries. | |
124 (Add in CFLAGS=-g for enormous binaries full of debug info.)</p> | |
125 </blockquote> | |
126 | |
127 <h3><b>Target upgrades</b></h3> | |
128 | |
129 <blockquote> | |
130 <p>Powerpc and sh4 should now work fine with stock qemu 0.11.0.</p> | |
131 | |
132 <p>The arm platform now has an armv4tl target. This is a little-endian armv4 | |
133 eabi, for armv4 chips offering the "thumb" extension which eabi requires. | |
134 (The plain armv4l target is still oabi. The oabi/eabi thing is different | |
135 binary ABIs, a bit like Linux vs BSD binaries or aout vs elf. The eabi | |
136 standard is the new one, but some of the older arm hardware can't support | |
137 it. This takes it down as far as it can go.)</p> | |
138 </blockquote> | |
139 | |
140 <h3><b>Infrastructure</b></h3> | |
141 | |
142 <blockquote> | |
143 <p>Behind the scenes, some extensive work is going on to simplify the | |
144 build scripts. (The documentation's fallen a bit behind reality here, | |
145 but should be back up to date next release.)</p> | |
146 | |
147 <p>The uClibc miniconfigs are now automatically generated, with the | |
148 bulk of the config living in sources/baseconfig-uClibc and the few | |
149 target specific lines being appended from the UCLIBC_CONFIG variable | |
150 defined in the target's settings file.</p> | |
151 | |
152 <p>The other big change is factoring out lots of common code, moving it into | |
153 the sources/sections directory, so things like the uClibc, busybox, and | |
154 toolchain builds now live in one place and are called from the various | |
155 other scripts that need them. (This may eventually allow alternate build | |
156 scripts for these packages, potentially swapping out glibc for uClibc, or | |
157 llvm/clang for gcc. In the meantime, it eliminates a lot of redundant code.)</p> | |
158 | |
159 <p>This required lots of small cleanups, such as making the scripts now | |
160 consistently use the $STAGE_DIR variable for their output directory. | |
161 Some other cleanups were primarily cosmetic, such as moving the extracted | |
162 tarball cache directory from build/sources to build/packages. (Tarballs | |
163 live in packages, extracted tarballs live in build/packages.)</p> | |
164 | |
165 <p>The root filesystem now contains simple /etc/passwd and /etc/group files, | |
166 because dropbear won't work without them (not even to ssh out).</p> | |
167 | |
168 <p>Several small bugfixes (ccwrap no longer segfaults if $PATH isn't | |
169 exported, /etc/resolv.conf doesn't get overwritten unnecessarily by init.sh, | |
170 etc).</p> | |
171 </blockquote> | |
172 | |
809 | 173 <h2>August 20, 2009</h2> |
174 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.9.7.tar.bz2>Version 0.9.7</a> is out, a little | |
175 over a month and a half late. It's a larger update than usual, so the | |
176 release notes are a bit long.</p> | |
177 | |
178 <p>This release is based on | |
179 <a href=http://impactlinux.com/hg/firmware/log/807>mercurial version 807</a> | |
180 of the build scripts, | |
181 and includes <b>Linux 2.6.30.4</b> and <b>BusyBox 1.14.3</b>. | |
182 No new uClibc release is out since last time.</p> | |
183 | |
184 <p>Lots of little bugs got fixed. For example, this release should build on | |
185 Fedora 11 (and any other platform that hasn't got "which" installed by | |
186 default), and now supports distcc and ccache on the host (and will use them | |
187 automatically if they are installed).</p> | |
188 | |
189 <h3><b>Changes to build stages: new root-filesystem, cross-static, and | |
190 native-compiler tarballs, upgraded buildall.sh and smoketest-all.sh.</b></h3> | |
191 | |
192 <blockquote> | |
193 <p>The old "mini-native" stage has been renamed "root-filesystem" | |
194 (the same way package-mini-native became system-image last release). The | |
195 script names (and resulting tarballs) now indicate what each stage makes. | |
196 So build.sh calls host-tools.sh, cross-compiler.sh, root-filesystem.sh, | |
197 and system-image.sh, in that order.</p> | |
198 | |
879 | 199 <p>The old build-static-toolchains.sh script is gone, with its functionality |
809 | 200 integrated into buildall.sh (which now builds i686 hosted static toolchains |
201 for each target by default). This is implemented by two new environment | |
202 variables triggering optional behavior: STATIC_CROSS_COMPILER_HOST | |
203 and BUILD_STATIC_NATIVE_COMPILER.</p> | |
204 | |
205 <p>Setting STATIC_CROSS_COMPILER_HOST to an architecture name creates a | |
206 cross compiler statically linked to run on that host (via a technique | |
207 known as canadian cross compile). For example, the invocation:</p> | |
208 | |
209 <blockquote> | |
210 <p>BUILD_CROSS_COMPILER_HOST=i686 ./build.sh armv4l</P> | |
211 </blockquote> | |
212 | |
213 <p>Would create a tarball called "cross-static-armv4l.tar.bz2" which was | |
214 built to run on an i686 host, and was statically linked (against uClibc) | |
215 on that host to be distribution independent.</p> | |
216 | |
217 <p>Setting BUILD_STATIC_NATIVE_COMPILER to any non-empty value creates a | |
218 native compiler for the target (packaged as native-compiler-$ARCH.tar.bz2), | |
219 which is statically linked against uClibc so it can be extracted and run on | |
220 just about any system of the appropriate type. (So if you can get a Linux | |
221 shell prompt and have enough storage and memory, you should be able to | |
222 compile stuff.)</p> | |
223 | |
224 <p>The upgraded smoketest-all.sh script runs smoketest.sh on each | |
225 target built. (The smoketest.sh script attempts to compile and run "hello | |
226 world" natively within a system image under qemu, and indicates whether or | |
227 not it worked via "pass" or "fail".) Note that smoketest-all.sh now | |
228 autodetects which targets have been built (have system images in the build | |
229 directory), and smoketest.sh times out after 60 seconds so targets that hang | |
230 will return failure eventually.</p> | |
231 | |
232 </blockquote> | |
233 | |
234 <h3><b>Squashfs 4.0 now the default system image type</b></h3> | |
235 | |
236 <blockquote> | |
237 <p>The root filesystem image type is now squashfs by default. (To change it set | |
238 SYSIMAGE_TYPE to ext2 or initramfs, either in your environment or the file | |
239 "configure".)</p> | |
240 | |
241 <p>This involved upgrading the userspace squashfs support package | |
242 to the version 4.0 supported by the upstream kernel, and numerous small fixes | |
243 to work with a read-only root filesystem (with writeable spaced mounted on | |
244 /home and /tmp).</p> | |
245 </blockquote> | |
246 | |
247 <h3><b>Target upgrades</b></h3> | |
248 <blockquote> | |
249 <h3><b>ARM upgrades</b></h3> | |
250 | |
251 <blockquote> | |
252 <p>Lots of work on the arm targets, with the addition of a new armv6l target | |
253 and conversion of the armv5l target to | |
254 <a href=http://www.linuxfordevices.com/c/a/Linux-For-Devices-Articles/Why-ARMs-EABI-matters/>ARM EABI</a> (which used to be documented <a href=http://www.arm.com/products/DevTools/ABI.html>here</a>, | |
255 but ARM screwed up its website and now you have to go | |
256 <a href=http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.subset.swdev.abi/index.html>here</a>). The armv4l target still provides an ARM v4 | |
257 little endian soft float OABI target (which is "the i386 of ARM", meaning it | |
258 should run on just about any arm hardware, if a bit slowly). A new | |
259 armv4be target is the same as armv4l except big endian.</p> | |
260 | |
261 <p>A new hw-tct-hammer target supports the <a href=http://www.tincantools.com/product.php?productid=16143>Tin Can Tools hammer/nail board</a>.</p> | |
262 </blockquote> | |
263 | |
264 <h3><b>Updated sparc support, almost works now. (uClibc for sparc still sucks.)</b></h3> | |
265 | |
266 <blockquote> | |
267 <p>The sparc target has also been upgraded to the point where it now gives | |
268 a shell prompt. (And immediately dies with a bus error or a hang if you try | |
269 to do anything, because uClibc for sparc still doesn't work. The "upgrade" | |
270 consisted of statically linking everything because uClibc's dynamic loader | |
271 doesn't work for sparc.)</p> | |
272 </blockquote> | |
273 | |
274 <h3><b>PowerPC remains fiddly due to QEMU issues, new powerpc-440fp target</b></h3> | |
275 | |
276 <blockquote> | |
277 <p>PowerPC support in QEMU is | |
278 <a href=http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2009-07/msg01007.html>officially unstable</a>, so although FWL's powerpc target hasn't significantly | |
279 changed from last release, the version of QEMU in source control no longer | |
280 runs it (nor the binary powerpc system images released with FWL 0.9.6) and | |
281 QEMU's developers do not consider this a regression. While we search for a new | |
282 Linux kernel .config that matches QEMU's current expectations (and await a | |
283 release considered "stable"), note that setting HOST_BUILD_EXTRA=1 before | |
284 running host-tools.sh will build a version of qemu that does run powerpc and | |
285 put it in build/host where run-from-build.sh can find it. (Note also that | |
286 building qemu from source still takes significantly longer than the rest of the | |
287 host-tools.sh stage combined.)</p> | |
288 | |
289 <p>A new powerpc-440fp target produces code for the powerpc 440 with hardware | |
290 floating point. (Theoretically QEMU's "bamboo" board emulation should | |
291 run this, but QEMU doesn't emulate a 440 processor yet. We compromise by | |
292 running a ppc440 filesystem under qemu's power mac emulation, to take | |
293 advantage of the ppc440 instruction set being almost a subset of full powerpc. | |
294 This gets us a shell prompt, but throws illegal instruction errors if you | |
295 try to do anything fancy.)</p> | |
296 | |
297 <p>(Note that powerpc-440fp is not a hw-target for powerpc, it's a different | |
298 processor instruction set like i586 vs i686. Alas, one that qemu doesn't | |
299 properly emulate yet.)</p> | |
300 | |
301 </blockquote> | |
302 | |
303 </blockquote> | |
304 | |
305 <h3><b>Now using last GPLv2 release of GCC, and future plans</b></h3> | |
306 | |
307 <blockquote> | |
308 <p>The upgrade to <b>gcc 4.2.1</b> gives us | |
309 <a href=http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-announce/2007/msg00003.html>the last | |
310 GPLv2 licensed version of gcc</a> (thus avoiding | |
311 <a href=http://lwn.net/Articles/343608/>various problems</a>). | |
312 <a href=http://savannah.gnu.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=4932>Make 3.81</a> | |
313 was already the last GPLv2 release of that project.</p> | |
314 | |
315 <p>Note that <b>bash 2.05b</b> is still intentionally ancient (to avoid the | |
316 bloat of 3.x), and may be replaced with busybox ash as the default FWL shell | |
317 in a future release. Similarly, although <b>binutils 2.17</b> was the last | |
318 GPLv2 version from the FSF, an upgrade to | |
319 <a href=http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/devel/binutils/release.binutils-2.18.50.0.1>the | |
320 last GPLv2 release of Red Hat's binutils fork, 2.17.5.0.17</a> is under | |
321 consideration for a future release. But mostly the GNU compiler toolchain | |
322 has been upgraded as far as possible for the forseeable future, either because | |
323 new versions provide no significant benefits or because they're not available | |
324 under a license compatible with the Linux kernel's.</p> | |
325 | |
326 <p>Future upgrades to these packages will either be via individual patches | |
327 (maintaining GPLv2 license) or by investigating alternative non-FSF | |
328 packages such as OpenBSD's <a href=http://lwn.net/Articles/255558>PCC</a> or | |
329 Apple's <a href=http://llvm.org>LLVM</a>. In preparation for support of | |
330 alternate compilers, the build scripts have moved from using "gcc" to the | |
331 more generic "cc" for the compiler name wherever possible, but currently no | |
332 drop-in replacement compiler is available.</p> | |
333 | |
334 </blockquote> | |
335 | |
336 <h3><b>Implementation details</b></h3> | |
337 | |
338 <blockquote> | |
339 <p>Each target configuration renamed "details" to "settings", and added | |
340 a "description". (This makes Gentoo From Scratch's kconfig easier.)</p> | |
341 | |
342 <p>The download.sh stage now populates a "packages" directory instead of | |
343 "sources/packages", meaning that everything in the sources directory now | |
344 comes from the FWL source tarball. To do the equivalent of "make clean" | |
345 you can "rm -rf build", and to do a "make distclean" you can | |
346 "rm -rf packages build".</p> | |
347 | |
348 <p>The build no longer deletes the alt-* tarballs when UNSTABLE isn't | |
349 set, you must do that by hand if you want an updated alt- version of a | |
350 package. The packages/MANIFEST file creation can now use the extended | |
351 tarball information to detect git version numbers.</p> | |
352 | |
353 <p>The === bars now show the current stage name and architecture each | |
354 package is being built for. (Pipe the build output to grep "^===" to see | |
355 just the start of each new package build.) The same information is sent | |
356 to the title bar of your xterm, export NO_TITLE_BAR=1 if you don't want the | |
357 build to update the title bar.</p> | |
358 | |
359 <p>The BUILD_STATIC option now applies to all packages built in | |
360 root-filesystem.sh, and can be set from a target configuration's settings file | |
361 (as sparc is now doing).</p> | |
362 | |
363 <p>The BUILD_VERBOSE option passes V=1 to the linux, busybox, and uClibc | |
364 builds that otherwise sanitize their output.</p> | |
365 | |
366 <p>You can now set NATIVE_TOOLCHAIN=only to build just the compiler | |
367 and not the other parts (busybox, make, toybox, bash...) This is used | |
368 by the canadian cross steps in build.sh to create static cross and native | |
369 compilers.</p> | |
370 | |
371 <p>This release broke up scripts/include.sh so that script just | |
372 sets lots of environment variables, and now includes scripts/functions.sh | |
373 to define shell functions. The architecture setup (reading architecture | |
374 files and creating temporary directories and such) is now done via the | |
375 "read_arch_dir $ARCH" shell function, so merely including sources/include.sh | |
376 should no longer have significant side effects. Similarly, setupfor now | |
377 has an EXTRACT_ONLY environment variable instead of depending on a blank | |
378 $ARCH (which host-tools.sh has, despite wanting to snapshot source so it can | |
379 build stuff).</p> | |
380 | |
381 <p>Various fixes to make parallel builds work better. (So it neither leaves | |
382 background processes running nor kills the parent shell and closes your | |
383 xterm when you hit ctrl-c.) The new "killtree" shell function, | |
384 which kills a process and all its children and grandchildren recursively with | |
385 pgrep. We also build our own sources/toys/mysetsid.c program with the host | |
386 compiler (because the normal command line "setsid" doesn't also do a tcsetpgrp | |
387 on stdin so signal handling isn't forwarded to the new session). This should | |
388 more reliably allow ctrl-c to exit smoketest.sh and system-image.sh and such, | |
389 and let FORK=1 ./buildall.sh stop all its background processes when | |
390 interrupted. (Note that smoketest-all.sh also honors FORK=1.)</p> | |
391 | |
392 <p>The logs from buildall.sh now live in build/logs.</p> | |
393 | |
394 <p>The new config option ROOT_NODIRS avoids creating the normal set of empty | |
395 directories in the new root filesystem. (The old /tools support went | |
396 away, but a BUILD_STATIC ROOT_NODIRS build can be extracted into /tools | |
397 and used from there. Then either symlink "/lib" to "/tools/lib" or "export | |
398 UCLIBC_DYNAMIC_LINKER=/tools/lib/ld-uClibc.so.0" to add more stuff to | |
399 /tools natively.)</p> | |
400 | |
401 <p>The compiler wrapper (sources/toys/ccwrap.c) can now use | |
402 architecture-specific WRAPPER_TOPDIR values. (I.E. armv4l-cc could | |
403 "export armv4l_WRAPPER_TOPDIR=/path/to/directory".) This makes | |
404 canadian cross compiles a lot easier.</p> | |
405 </blockquote> | |
406 | |
694 | 407 <h2>April 2, 2009</h2> |
408 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.9.6.tar.bz2>Version 0.9.6</a> includes | |
409 Linux 2.6.29 and uClibc 0.9.30.1, now with support for sh4 and upgraded powerpc | |
410 support.</p> | |
411 | |
412 <p>The big news is the <a href=http://impactlinux.com/code/gfs/>Gentoo | |
413 From Scratch</a> project, which extends a FWL system image into a Gentoo | |
414 Stage 1 environment, building natively inside qemu.</p> | |
415 | |
416 <p>The <a href=documentation.html>documentation</a> has been extensively | |
417 rewritten (but needs more). The source now contains a README and each image | |
418 has a usr/src/MANIFEST file listing the packages it built from.</p> | |
419 | |
420 <p>The cross and native toolchains now include ldd, readelf, and | |
421 ldconfig. Added support for hardware targets (an unfinished example | |
422 of which is hw-wrt610n) that use the same cross compiler and system | |
423 image as a qemu platform, but build/package a different kernel to boot | |
424 on actual hardware.</p> | |
425 | |
426 <p>Several new build options:</p> | |
427 <ul> | |
428 <li><p><b>$SYSIMAGE_TYPE</b> defaults to "ext2" but can now | |
429 produce and boot "initramfs" images as well. (And squashfs, but that doesn't | |
430 work yet due to missing features in squashfs tools version 3.4.)</p></li> | |
431 <li><p>Setting <b>$HOST_BUILD_EXTRA</b> compiles qemu 0.10.1 in host-tools.sh. | |
432 You currently need to do this to run sh4 or powerpc, 0.10.1 has some bugs | |
433 needing patches. Not on by default because it takes a _long_ time.</p></li> | |
434 <li><p><b>$NO_CLEANUP</b> keeps source around after builds for debugging purposes.</p></li> | |
435 <li><p><b>$SYSIMAGE_HDA_MEGS</b> lets you control the size of the ext2 system images.</p></li> | |
436 <li><p><b>$SNAPSHOT_SYMLINK</b> lets the extracted source live on a different | |
437 filesystem than the build happens on. (Once the updated squashfs userspace | |
438 tools ship, build-static-toolchains.sh may be updated to use this.)</p></li> | |
439 <li><p><b>$CROSS_SMOKE_TEST</b> use qemu application emulation to test run hello | |
440 world program at the end of the cross compiler build stage.</p></li> | |
441 <li><p><b>$SKIP_STAGE_TARBALLS</b> don't create tarballs of each stage, | |
442 just populate the directories.</p></li> | |
443 <li><p><b>$NATIVE_RETROFIT_CXX</b> retroactively add uClibc++ to the cross | |
444 compiler tarball during the native build stage.</p></li> | |
445 </ul> | |
446 | |
447 <p>The run-emulator.sh scripts of system images have several new options, | |
448 do "./run-emulator.sh --help" for a list. Takes several environment | |
449 variables such as $QEMU_EXTRA and $KERNEL_EXTRA. Root filesystems can | |
450 now run in read only mode with "KERNEL_EXTRA=ro".</p> | |
451 | |
452 <p>Lots of build infrastructure upgrades. The build stages have been | |
453 reorganized somewhat (most noticeably package-mini-native.sh is now called | |
454 system-image.sh). The "sources/packages" directory has moved up a | |
455 directory (to separate repository files from stuff downloaded at runtime). | |
456 Upgrades to the cc wrapper and the USE_UNSTABLE infrastructure. Better | |
457 stripping of the cross compilers and system images, so everything's a bit | |
458 smaller. The mirror list now lives in download.sh. New buildall.sh is a | |
459 wrapper around build.sh. New build-static-toolchains.sh builds them under | |
460 qemu; set FORK=1 to build them in paralell just like buildall.sh. The | |
461 ext2 system images are now built at a small size with genext2fs and | |
462 then expanded with resize2fs (because genext2fs slows down exponentially | |
463 as size increases; this means e2fsprogs is built in host-tools.sh now). | |
464 Distcc has been upgraded, and should work more reliably now.</p> | |
465 | |
466 <p>Too many little bug fixes to list.</p> | |
467 | |
543
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468 <h2>December 16, 2008</h2> |
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469 <p>The mailing list moved to firmware at impactlinux.com. The link in |
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470 the nav bar on the left has changed, but the |
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471 <a href=http://www2.them.com:8080/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/firmware>old |
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472 archives</a> are still there for the moment.</p> |
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473 |
523 | 474 <h2>December 3, 2008</h2> |
475 <p>After several false starts (I.E. last minute bugs, yes I test this thing | |
476 before shipping it), | |
477 <a href=downloads/firmware-0.9.5.tar.bz2>Version 0.9.5</a> is out, inching | |
478 towards a 1.0 release. Lots of new work this time.</p> | |
479 | |
480 <p>The biggest news is uClibc 0.9.30 and uClibc++ 0.2.2. The native toolchain | |
481 now supports C++, hooked up to distcc and everything.</p> | |
482 | |
483 <p>The <a href=documentation.html>documentation</a> has been extensively | |
484 rewritten. (There's always more to do, but most of it isn't horribly out | |
485 of date anymore.)</p> | |
486 | |
487 <p>The packaging stage now uses genext2fs instead of User Mode Linux, so | |
488 the most brittle part of the build has been removed. FWL can now fully | |
489 rebuild itself under itself, all the way through the packaging stage.</p> | |
490 | |
491 <p>My personal website's getting a touch overwhelmed, so a higher bandwidth | |
492 site is now available at | |
493 <a href=http://impactlinux.com/fwl>impactlinux.com</a>. This should become | |
494 the new primary website going forward.</p> | |
495 | |
496 <p>BusyBox has also been upgraded (to 1.13.0), and the new USE_UNSTABLE | |
497 infrastructure allows test versions of any package to be downloaded and built | |
498 without forking the build scripts, so future package upgrades can be dealt | |
499 with as side projects without blocking other important work.</p> | |
500 | |
501 <p>The packaging stage now uses genext2fs instead of User Mode Linux, so | |
502 the most brittle part of the build has been removed. FWL can now fully | |
503 rebuild itself under itself, all the way through the packaging stage.</p> | |
504 | |
505 <p>The old forkbomb script has been replaced with sources/build-all-targets.sh. | |
506 with an argument --fork to build all targets in parallel, and "--fork 3" | |
507 to limit the parallelism. This script can run from a cron job, producing | |
508 a "buildall" directory with tarballs, compressed logs, and a README file | |
509 listing the version of each package. The environment variable USE_STATIC_HOST | |
510 specifies an $ARCH to create statically linked cross compilers | |
511 for. (The build will then try to use them for the later stages, | |
512 and won't get far if you specify an arch that can't run on the host.)</p> | |
513 | |
514 <p>The include.sh script has been broken up, with a new sources/functions.sh | |
515 containing shell functions (like download, setupfor, and cleanup) and | |
516 a new "config" setting the user-editable environment variables that control | |
517 the build. Several of these variables have been renamed and their number has | |
518 grown. You can now specify the colors for each build stage using the variables | |
519 at the end of config.</p> | |
520 | |
521 <p>Building mini-native in a Linux From Scratch style /tools directory is | |
522 no longer the default. Instead set NATIVE_TOOLSDIR=1 if you want that | |
523 kind of layout instead of a more conventional layout. (Similarly, | |
524 NATIVE_TOOLCHAIN=1 now enables the native toolchain, but that variable | |
525 defaults to enabled in config.)</p> | |
526 | |
527 <p>See the <a href=documentation.html>docs</a> for details.</p> | |
528 | |
388
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529 <h2>August 6, 2008</h2> |
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530 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.9.0.tar.bz2>Version 0.9.0</a> is out |
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531 (<a href=http://landley.net/hg/firmware/shortlog/378>changeset 378</a>) |
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532 and can rebuild itself under itself. (The packaging step still requires User |
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533 Mode Linux to create ext2 images, which only works on x86 and x86-64 hosts. |
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534 The next release should replace that with something more portable.) |
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535 The root filesystem is now based on BusyBox 1.11.1 (plus a few bug fixes).</p> |
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536 |
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537 <p>The prebuilt binary images have been moved into their own |
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538 <a href=downloads/binaries>binaries</a> directory. |
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539 The prebuilt binary <a href=downloads/binaries/cross-compiler>cross |
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540 compilers</a> are statically linked against uClibc for better portability. |
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541 Updated the <a href=downloads/README>README</a> to better describe the |
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542 contents of the <a href=downloads/binaries/system-image>system-image |
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543 tarballs</a>.</p> |
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544 |
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545 <p>The forkbomb.sh script can now take a number of parallel targets to |
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546 launch, for example "./forkbomb.sh --fork 3". (The resulting display is kind |
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547 of horrible but the out-$ARCH.txt files are still legible.) Leaving off the |
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548 number still builds all targets in parallel, with the original display.</p> |
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549 |
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550 <p>The include.sh script was reorganized so that interesting environment |
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551 variables the user might want to export for themselves are set near the top |
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552 of the script. Currently this includes:</p> |
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553 |
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554 <ul> |
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555 <li><p><b>BUILD_SHORT</b> - Makes the mini-native.sh stage skip building |
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556 development tools. The resulting mini-native root filesystem contains uClibc |
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557 and busybox, but nothing else. (Export "BUILD_SHORT=headers" to put back the |
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558 toolchain headers for use by another compiler, such as tinycc.)</p> |
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559 |
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560 <li><p><b>BUILD_STATIC</b> - Tell cross-compiler.sh to create static |
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561 binaries, for a more portable cross compiler toolchain. (If you want them |
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562 linked against uClibc, build a mini-native for your host, chroot into it, and |
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563 then rebuild under that.)</li> |
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564 |
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565 <li><p><b>PREFERRED_MIRROR</b> - Tell download.sh to fetch packages from a |
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566 non-default location (falling back to the standard mirror list if it can't get |
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567 one from there).</p></li> |
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568 |
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569 <li><p><b>RECORD_COMMANDS</b> - Record a list of all command lines used during |
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570 each build stage log files named "cmdlines.$STAGE.$PACKAGE" under the build |
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571 directory. Each file can be turned into a list of the command names used via |
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572 "awk '{print $1}' build/cmdlines* | sort -u". The script |
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573 sources/toys/report_recorded_commands.sh gives a report of all commands |
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574 used by each package after a call to "RECORD_COMMANDS=1 ./forkbomb.sh". |
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575 (This is an easy way to find out exactly what environmental dependencies a |
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576 package needs to build, or at least what it uses out of $PATH).</p></li> |
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577 </ul> |
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578 |
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579 <p>Updated documentation is in progress...</p> |
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580 |
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581 <h2>June 6, 2008</h2> |
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582 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.4.0.tar.bz2>Version 0.4.0</a> is out |
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583 (<a href=http://landley.net/hg/firmware/shortlog/345>changeset 345</a>), |
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584 with kernel 2.6.25.4 and the "distcc trick" working out of the box.</p> |
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585 |
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586 <p>The distcc trick accelerates a native build by calling out to the |
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587 cross compiler. To use it, download the appropriate cross-compiler-$ARCH and |
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588 system-image-$ARCH tarballs, run the "run-with-distcc.sh" from the system image |
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589 directory with the path to the cross compiler directory as its first argument. |
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590 (You need to have distcc installed on the host system.)</p> |
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591 |
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592 <p>After building from source, the cross-compiler and system-image directories |
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593 remain in the build directory. The "emulator-build.sh" runs these with |
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594 distcc acceration set up. The script "smoketest.sh" is a wrapper |
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595 around emulator-build.sh which feeds a script into qemu's stdin to compile |
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596 and run a multi-threaded "hello world" under the emulator, using distcc and |
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597 the cross compiler.</p> |
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598 |
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599 <p>If smoketest.sh works for a platform, it means a lot of stuff worked to get |
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600 that far. The cross compiler worked to build the system, and the emulated |
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601 system booted so QEMU, the uClibc config, and the kernel config agreed. |
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602 The emulated system has a working virtual hard drive and serial port, and for |
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603 distcc to work it has a working virtual network connection. Running "make" |
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604 would also require a working realtime clock.</p> |
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605 |
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606 <p>The seven commands missing in order to run the FWL build under itself |
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607 are bzip2, sort, diff, wget, install, od, and find. (The busybox versions, |
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608 where available, had a bug, and they're not in toybox yet.) I'm trying to |
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609 get those in for the next release in September.</p> |
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610 |
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611 <p>Sorry I missed a release back in April. Shouldn't happen again.</p> |
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612 |
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613 <h2>January 29, 2008</h2> |
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614 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.3.1.tar.bz2>Version 0.3.1</a> is out |
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615 (<a href=http://landley.net/hg/firmware/shortlog/275>changeset 275</a>), with |
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616 kernel 2.6.24. The <a href=downloads/images>images</a> |
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617 are now tarballs each containing the ext2, zImage, and run script files. |
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618 The run scripts now run qemu-setup.sh by default so /proc, /sys, /dev |
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619 and the virtual network are initialized, and the default shell is busybox |
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620 ash (so cursor keys and history work).</p> |
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621 |
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622 <p>Sparc is still broken (tracked it down to a dynamic linking bug, I think, |
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623 haven't fixed it yet) and m68k is failing to build with an internal compiler |
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624 error (next release I should upgrade the compiler). All the other targets |
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625 have a working virtual network, and all but powerpc exit qemu when you |
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626 exit the PID 1 command shell.</p> |
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627 |
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628 <p>Building on an x86-64 host< should no longer be insanely slow (the |
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629 gcc-min-heapsize arguments that allow 32-bit hosts to build in |
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630 128 megs of ram do very impolite things to 64-bit hosts), and the resulting |
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631 x86-64 cross compiler should now be properly relocatable.</p> |
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632 |
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633 <p>Better build dependency tracking: the host-tools script is now |
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634 populating a single directory with all the commands needed by the build, and |
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635 restricting $PATH to that directory (so it can't accidentally call any |
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636 commands that aren't explicitly listed). It's building toybox and busybox to |
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637 provide most of these commands (the remaining ones are listed towards the end |
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638 of include.sh), and creating symlinks to the remaining ones out |
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639 of the original $PATH. This allows it to build on a wider range of host |
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640 distributions.</p> |
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641 |
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642 <h2>November 2, 2007</h2> |
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643 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.3.0.tar.bz2>Version 0.3.0</a> is out |
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644 (changeset 242), with kernel 2.6.23. PowerPC finally works under |
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645 qemu (network and everything), and it's building a m68k target |
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646 (although I have no emulator to run that). That means there are |
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647 ten targets, of which eight run under qemu. (Sparc is still |
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648 broken, let me know if anybody actually cares.)</p> |
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649 |
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650 <p>The new "./forkbomb.sh --fork" script builds all the targets in |
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651 parallel, or use --nofork if you haven't got the memory for that |
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652 (and --watch to watch and existing build if you ctrl-c out of |
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653 the display before it's done).</p> |
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654 |
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655 <p>The build is now smarter about extracting only one copy of the |
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656 source code (in build/sources) and re-using it for multiple builds, |
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657 building out of tree (via cp -rs to create a tree full of symlinks |
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658 so the package doesn't need native out-of-tree support).</p> |
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659 |
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660 <h2>September 2, 2007</h2> |
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661 <p>Added <a href=new_platform.html>a porting guide</a>. I'm working on |
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662 m68k, ppc, big endian arm, and maybe blackfin targets for the next release, |
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663 and thought other people might be interested in the process. (The vast |
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664 majority of it is fiddly debugging. These are the other steps.)</p> |
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665 |
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666 <h2>June 27, 2007</h2> |
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667 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.2.2.tar.bz2>Version 0.2.2</a> is out |
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668 (changeset 185). Using uClibc 0.9.29 release, several small bugfixes, |
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669 new mips big-endian config, actually work when /bin/sh->dash (mostly |
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670 by explicitly saying /bin/bash everywhere), automatically detect |
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671 the number of CPUs in the machine to feed -j to make, and better |
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672 diagnostic output.</p> |
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673 |
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674 <h2>April 9, 2007</h2> |
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675 <p><a href=downloads/firmware-0.2.1.tar.bz2>Version 0.2.1</a> is out |
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676 (changeset 156). Significant upgrades to armv4l: the native compiler works |
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677 now, and it's using soft-float. Added armv5l and i586 targets to show how |
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678 to do that kind of variant. Added preliminary powerpc support (although |
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679 qemu can't run it yet). Reorganized the download directory and rewrote |
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680 the <a href=downloads/README>README</a>. Added squashfs back (the kernel |
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681 supports it, but it's not using it yet). Moved uClibc to miniconfig. |
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682 (Yes, the patch for this is huge, and yes I need to push it all upstream into |
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683 the Linux kernel. On the bright side, this one builds on a host that doesn't |
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684 have curses installed.) Stopped trying to build qemu (at least until they |
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685 get the gcc 3.x dependencies cleaned out), now just warn if it's not there |
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686 (so far the build only uses it to sanity-test the cross compiler, which is |
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687 now skipped automatically if it's not there).</p> |
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688 |
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689 <p>I note that some versions of Ubuntu (Edgy and up) are pushing a political |
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690 agenda. They install bash, but point /bin/sh to dash instead. (So why |
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691 install bash if you're not going to use it?) This breaks all sorts of things, |
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692 and if somebody can tell me how to force make to run "/bin/bash" instead of |
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693 "/bin/sh", I'll consider trying to deal with the mess. Until then, I suggest |
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694 "rm /bin/sh; ln -s bash /bin/sh" to get a working system. (I'm no fan of |
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695 bash, but dash is just broken.)</p> |
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696 |
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697 <p>(Those of you who use vi and want to be able to use the cursor keys while |
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698 in insert mode might want to do something similar with vi->vim. Ubuntu seems |
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699 to be trying to train users to change their habits. Dog biscuits would be a |
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700 more honest approach.)</p> |
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701 |
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702 <p>Update: I've been pointed at |
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703 <a href=https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DashAsBinSh>this</a> as evidence Ubuntu isn't |
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704 pushing a political agenda. Ok, maybe it's just really bad technical judgement. |
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705 Are they honestly saying that people write shell scripts for the speed? And |
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706 how do you make a size argument and then install bash by default in ADDITION |
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707 to the other shell? Boggle. In 1991 after Linus Torvalds taught his term |
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708 program to understand the minix filesystem so he could upload and download |
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709 without rebooting, he taught it to handle the system calls of bash so he could |
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710 rm/mv/mkdir without rebooting. That's where Linux 0.0.1 |
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711 came from. Bash was the default Linux shell _before_ 0.0.1. Be very |
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712 careful messing with that kind of a de-facto standard, guys. Dash is |
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713 garbage. Background a process with & and then hit ctrl-c: it'll kill it. |
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714 It doesn't understand blah/{blah,blah} file list syntax. It can't do |
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715 "source file.sh" (just ". file.sh", which is unreadable). I repeat: I'm not a |
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716 fan of bash (yeah, the bloat's getting crazy), but dash is broken.</p> |
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717 |
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718 <p>And that still doesn't explain why "vi" can't use the cursor keys in |
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719 insert mode, but "vim" can...</p> |
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720 |
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721 <h2>March 6, 2007</h2> |
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722 <p>Version 0.2.0 is out. This one builds ext2 images which can boot up to a |
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723 shell prompt under qemu. This works on i686, armv4l, x86_64, and mipsel. |
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724 (Sparc's broken. Anyone who cares about sparc is welcome to debug it.)</p> |
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725 |
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726 <p>There are now prebuilt ext2 image files in the download directory. |
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727 The kernels are in the mini-native tarballs. (Yeah, I should repackage that |
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728 next release.) The system emulator invocation for each platform is |
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729 the appropriate sources/configs file, and run-mini-native.sh invokes 'em.</p> |
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730 |
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Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
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731 <p>The mailing list is in the usual place if you have any questions.</p> |
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732 |
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733 <h2>January 14, 2007</h2> |
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734 <p>There's a new irc channel for the project, #firmware on freenode.</p> |
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735 |
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736 <p><a href=http://landley.net/hg/firmware?cl=88>Changeset 88</a> builds |
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737 i686, x86_64, armv4l, mips, and sparc. I've made a release tarball of |
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738 that (<a href=downloads/firmware-0.1.1.tar.bz2>firmware 0.1.1</a>, "It works |
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739 for me"), and updated the prebuilt cross-compiler tarballs in the |
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740 <a href=downloads>downloads</a> directory. I've added a big README and |
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741 prebuilt mini-native tarballs for each platform (although packing them up into |
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742 something qemu can boot is currently left as an exercise for the reader).</p> |
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743 |
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744 <p>Speaking of which, I'm currently working on adding ext2 packaging |
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745 (via <a href=http://landley.net/code/toybox>toybox</a>) to the build scripts, |
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746 so qemu system emulation can boot the result and then run the next stage |
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747 automatically.</p> |
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748 |
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749 <h2>December 28, 2006</h2> |
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750 <p><a href=http://landley.net/hg/firmware?cl=68>Changeset 68</a> builds |
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751 a native build environment with a working toolchain. And in celebration, I've |
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752 revamped the website with an actual navigation bar and content and such.</p> |
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753 |
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754 <p>I should put out a release soon.</p> |
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755 |
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756 <h2>December 5, 2006</h2> |
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757 <p><a href=http://landley.net/hg/firmware?cl=27>Changeset 27</a> builds |
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758 a relocatable armv4l cross-compile toolchain! Download the tarball, |
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759 run ./download.sh, then run ./build.sh, then grab the "build/cross-compiler" |
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760 directory and use "bin/armv4l-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc" out of that (which |
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761 I admit is a bit of a mouthful, for which I blame the FSF).</p> |
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762 |
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763 <h2>August 6, 2006</h2> |
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764 <p>Mecurial repository created. Nothing to see yet, move along...</p> |