Mercurial > hg > toybox
annotate www/license.html @ 0:e651a31d5416
Starting a new project. Just a bit past the "hello world" stage...
author | landley@driftwood |
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date | Wed, 27 Sep 2006 00:45:05 -0400 |
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children | a5e1ebc1d6ee |
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1 <!--#include file="header.html" --> |
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2 |
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3 <h2>Toybox is licensed under the terms of GPLv2.</h2> |
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4 |
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5 <p>The complete text of the General Public License version 2 is included in the |
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6 file LICENSE in each source tarball. Version 2 is the only version of |
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7 this license which toybox is distributed under. (I.E. It doesn't have the |
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8 strange "or later" dual license some projects have.)</p> |
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9 |
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10 <h2>Clarifications</h2> |
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11 |
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12 <p>The GPL is a bit old and crufty in places, but it's still the best open |
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13 source license there is, and lots of source code (like the Linux kernel) is |
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14 distributed under it. Lots of de facto interpretations have sprung up to deal |
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15 with things like the fact that it predates the internet service provider |
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16 industry. Nothing in the rest of this page changes the actual license, so you |
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17 can ignore the rest of this page if you're happy with a strict reading of |
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18 GPLv2. But just to be clear, here's how the authors of this project are |
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19 interpreting the sucker where it says something stupid.</p> |
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20 |
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21 <p>Section 1: <b>You have permission to rephrase the license notice on |
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22 individual source files.</b> This doesn't mean you can change what license the |
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23 code is under, or that you can remove other people's copyright notices. You |
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24 certainly can't change the test of the GPL itself. What it means is that if |
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25 you use this code in a project that distributes source in zip files instead of |
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26 tarballs, or your package's copy of the GPLv2 text isn't in a file called |
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27 "LICENSE", it's silly to preserve an obsolete notice verbatim and add some |
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28 kind of "correction" after the old notice.</p> |
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29 |
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30 <p>Some lawyers seem to think a strict reading of GPLv2 section 1 (and later |
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31 sections including section 1 by reference) requires maintaining old notices in |
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32 perpetuity. Even if you had code that used to be dual licensed, but created |
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33 a derived work that's just under one of the two licenses, so the old license |
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34 notice is not just strange or misleading but actually incorrect for the new |
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35 file. (For example, splicing GPLv2 only code into a dual "GPLv2 or later" |
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36 project produces a result that can be distributed under the terms of GPLv2, |
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37 but not GPLv3. The result cannot be distributed under the "or later" part, |
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38 so a license notice saying it could is factually wrong.)</p> |
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39 |
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40 <p>I don't know if we're ever going to put any dual licensed code into the tree, |
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41 but I want to head that one off now. The actual license text is the important |
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42 thing, the per-file notice is a courtesy.</p> |
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43 |
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44 <p>Section 2: <b>We don't put the change history in comments in the source |
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45 code, we put it in our source control system.</b> We have source control for a |
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46 reason. That's where this information belongs, and that's where we put it. |
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47 It's world readable on the web, and you can download a snapshot of the whole |
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48 repository if you like. The GPL predates modern source control systems, but |
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49 this project does not.</p> |
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50 |
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51 <p>Section 3: <b>We distribute source code through the internet.</b> If |
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52 your "written offer" includes a URL, and the source code remains anonymously |
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53 downloadable at that location for three years after you stop distributing |
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54 binaries, life is good as far as we're concerned. (No, you can't encrypt it, |
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55 or require a login, or otherwise be slimy bastards acting in bad faith. We'll |
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56 come after you if you're not satisfying the terms of the license, this is just |
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57 talking about how you can satisfy those terms without having to mail physical |
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58 media. Most people are already doing it this way.)</p> |
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59 |
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60 <p>Also, <a href="http://software.newsforge.com/article.pl?sid=06/06/23/1728205&tid=150">what the FSF did to Mepis</a> was inexcusable. (Further discussed |
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61 in <a href="http://www.busybox.net/lists/busybox/2006-June/022797.html">this |
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62 thread</a>.) Mepis partnered with Ubuntu, put out a press release quoting |
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63 Ubuntu's founder about how cool the partnership was, and then pointed to |
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64 Ubuntu's source repository for packages it was using unmodified Ubuntu versions |
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65 of. As far as we're concerned, Mepis didn't do anything wrong, and the FSF |
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66 was a bully. The FSF was wrong when it tried to make an example out of a |
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67 company that was acting in good faith.</p> |
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68 |
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69 <p>To make sure the FSF doesn't pick on anyone else against our wishes, we're |
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70 clarifying that if you didn't modify the source code, and the binaries you're |
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71 distributing can be entirely regenerated from a public upstream source, |
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72 pointing to that upstream source in good faith is good enough for us, as long |
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73 as they don't mind the extra bandwidth and the correct source code stays |
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74 available at that location for the duration of your responsiblity to |
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75 redistribute source.</p> |
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76 |
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77 <p>This doesn't mean it's fair for a Fortune 500 company to point millions of |
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78 people at somebody's home DSL line (certainly not without asking first). |
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79 And if the source that's available there isn't the complete source you used |
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80 to produce your binaries, you haven't fulfilled your obligations either. |
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81 And if the code stops being available at that location, you're not off the |
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82 hook and have to find a new location or put up your own mirror. And obviously |
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83 it has to be the _right_ source code (if you modified it, we want the patch, |
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84 and claiming you didn't modify it when you actually did is fraud).</p> |
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85 |
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86 <p>This is not a "get out of jail free" card: It's still your responsibility to |
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87 make the source available. We're just saying you can reasonably delegate to |
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88 something like Sourceforge or ibilbio and as long as everyone who wants the |
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89 source can get it, we're happy. If the site you point to objects or goes down, |
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90 responsibility obviously reverts to you.</p> |
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91 |
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92 <p>But if this project needs mirrors, we'll _ask_. (Most likely we'll ask |
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93 someone like sourceforge, OSL, ISC, ibiblio, archive.org...)</p> |
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94 |
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95 <p>Section 9: <b>Does not apply to this project.</b> We're specifying the |
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96 version, it's version 2. There is no "or later versions" clause to require |
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97 interpreting. |
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98 |
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99 <hr> |
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100 <pre> |
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101 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE |
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102 Version 2, June 1991 |
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103 |
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104 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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105 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA |
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106 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies |
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107 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. |
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108 |
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109 Preamble |
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110 |
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111 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your |
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112 freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public |
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113 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free |
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114 software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This |
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115 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software |
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116 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to |
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117 using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by |
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118 the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to |
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119 your programs, too. |
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120 |
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121 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not |
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122 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you |
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123 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for |
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124 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it |
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125 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it |
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126 in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things. |
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127 |
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128 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid |
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129 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights. |
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130 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you |
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131 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it. |
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132 |
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133 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether |
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134 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that |
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135 you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the |
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136 source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their |
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137 rights. |
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138 |
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139 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and |
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140 (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, |
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141 distribute and/or modify the software. |
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142 |
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143 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain |
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144 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free |
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145 software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we |
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146 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so |
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147 that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original |
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148 authors' reputations. |
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149 |
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150 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software |
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151 patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free |
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152 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the |
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153 program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any |
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154 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all. |
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155 |
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156 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and |
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157 modification follow. |
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158 |
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159 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE |
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160 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION |
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161 |
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162 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains |
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163 a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed |
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164 under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below, |
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165 refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program" |
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166 means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: |
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167 that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, |
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168 either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another |
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169 language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in |
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170 the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you". |
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171 |
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172 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not |
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173 covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of |
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174 running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program |
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175 is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the |
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176 Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). |
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177 Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. |
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178 |
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179 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's |
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180 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you |
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181 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate |
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182 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the |
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183 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; |
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184 and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License |
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185 along with the Program. |
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186 |
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187 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and |
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188 you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. |
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189 |
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190 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion |
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191 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and |
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192 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 |
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193 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: |
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194 |
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195 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices |
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196 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change. |
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197 |
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198 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in |
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199 whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any |
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200 part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third |
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201 parties under the terms of this License. |
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202 |
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203 c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively |
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204 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such |
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205 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an |
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206 announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a |
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207 notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide |
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208 a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under |
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209 these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this |
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210 License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but |
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211 does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on |
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212 the Program is not required to print an announcement.) |
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213 |
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214 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If |
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215 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program, |
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216 and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in |
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217 themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those |
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218 sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you |
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219 distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based |
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220 on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of |
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221 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the |
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222 entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it. |
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223 |
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224 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest |
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225 your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to |
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226 exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or |
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227 collective works based on the Program. |
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228 |
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229 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program |
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230 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of |
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231 a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under |
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232 the scope of this License. |
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233 |
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234 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, |
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235 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of |
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236 Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following: |
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237 |
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238 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable |
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239 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections |
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240 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or, |
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241 |
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242 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three |
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243 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your |
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244 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete |
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245 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be |
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246 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium |
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247 customarily used for software interchange; or, |
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248 |
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249 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer |
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250 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is |
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251 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you |
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252 received the program in object code or executable form with such |
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253 an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.) |
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254 |
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255 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for |
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256 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source |
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257 code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any |
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258 associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to |
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259 control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a |
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260 special exception, the source code distributed need not include |
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261 anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary |
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262 form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the |
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263 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component |
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264 itself accompanies the executable. |
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265 |
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266 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering |
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267 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent |
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268 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as |
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269 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not |
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270 compelled to copy the source along with the object code. |
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271 |
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272 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program |
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273 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt |
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274 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is |
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275 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. |
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276 However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under |
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277 this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such |
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278 parties remain in full compliance. |
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279 |
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280 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not |
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281 signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or |
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282 distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are |
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283 prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by |
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284 modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the |
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285 Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and |
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286 all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying |
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287 the Program or works based on it. |
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288 |
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289 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the |
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290 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the |
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291 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to |
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292 these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further |
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293 restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein. |
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294 You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to |
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295 this License. |
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296 |
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297 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent |
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298 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), |
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299 conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or |
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300 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not |
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301 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot |
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302 distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this |
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303 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you |
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304 may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent |
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305 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by |
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306 all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then |
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307 the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to |
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308 refrain entirely from distribution of the Program. |
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309 |
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310 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under |
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311 any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to |
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312 apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other |
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313 circumstances. |
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314 |
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315 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any |
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316 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any |
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317 such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the |
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318 integrity of the free software distribution system, which is |
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319 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made |
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320 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed |
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321 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that |
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322 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing |
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323 to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot |
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324 impose that choice. |
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325 |
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326 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to |
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327 be a consequence of the rest of this License. |
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328 |
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329 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in |
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330 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the |
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331 original copyright holder who places the Program under this License |
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332 may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding |
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333 those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among |
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334 countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates |
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335 the limitation as if written in the body of this License. |
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336 |
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337 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions |
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338 of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will |
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339 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to |
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340 address new problems or concerns. |
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341 |
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342 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program |
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343 specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any |
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344 later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions |
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345 either of that version or of any later version published by the Free |
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346 Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of |
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347 this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software |
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348 Foundation. |
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349 |
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350 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free |
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351 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author |
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352 to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free |
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353 Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes |
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354 make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals |
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355 of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and |
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356 of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally. |
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357 |
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358 NO WARRANTY |
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359 |
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360 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY |
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361 FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN |
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362 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES |
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363 PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED |
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364 OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF |
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365 MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS |
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366 TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE |
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367 PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, |
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368 REPAIR OR CORRECTION. |
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369 |
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370 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING |
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371 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR |
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372 REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, |
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373 INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING |
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374 OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED |
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375 TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY |
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376 YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER |
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377 PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE |
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378 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. |
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379 |
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380 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS |
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381 </pre> |
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382 <!--#include file="footer.html" --> |